How to Check Immigration Status

Understanding and keeping track of your immigration status in the U.S. is essential for anyone living, working, or studying in the country on a visa, seeking asylum, or in the process of obtaining a green card. Whether you’re waiting for an adjustment of status, need to check your deportation order, or simply want to verify your case’s progress, this comprehensive guide will show you how to check your immigration case through various available methods.

We’ll cover how to use official online tools, phone services, and the help of an immigration lawyer to stay updated on your status. Plus, we’ll look at different types of immigration statuses and provide practical advice for those navigating the system.

What is Immigration Status?

Your immigration status determines your legal standing in the United States. It identifies your eligibility to stay, work, or study and outlines the rights and responsibilities you hold under U.S. immigration law. Some people might have temporary statuses like a student visa, while others hold permanent statuses, such as lawful permanent residents (green card holders).

Some common immigration statuses include:

• Permanent Resident (Green Card Holder): This status allows individuals to live and work in the U.S. on a permanent basis. Green card holders can apply for citizenship after meeting the necessary requirements.
• Visa Holder: These individuals have a temporary visa to stay in the U.S. for a specific purpose, like studying (F1 Visa) or working (J1 Visa). Each visa comes with unique regulations and time limitations.
• Asylum Seeker: This status applies to individuals who have fled their home country due to fear of persecution. Asylum seekers often have pending cases and await decisions that may grant them the right to stay in the U.S.
• Undocumented Immigrant: Someone without legal immigration status in the U.S., often referred to as an illegal immigrant. This status makes an individual subject to deportation unless they qualify for certain relief measures.

Keeping track of your immigration case is vital because falling out of status, such as overstaying a visa or failing to complete a required process, can result in serious consequences, including deportation.

How to Check Immigration Status Online

One of the most effective and convenient ways to check your immigration status is through the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) website. This platform provides tools for checking the status of your green card application, visa petitions, and other immigration cases.

Step-by-Step Guide to Checking Immigration Status:

1. Visit the USCIS Website: Go to the USCIS Case Status Online page. This is the official portal for checking the status of any immigration case you’ve filed with USCIS.
2. Enter Your Receipt Number: The receipt number is provided by USCIS when you submit your application or petition. You can find this number on the Form I-797, Notice of Action, which USCIS sends as a confirmation of your application or petition.
3. Check the Status: Once you enter the receipt number, you’ll see a status update for your application. Common statuses include “In Process,” “Approved,” “Denied,” or “Request for Additional Information.”
4. Monitor the Progress: Keep checking your status regularly to stay informed of any changes or updates. This is especially important if your case requires additional information or if you need to take action.

Example: If you applied for a green card, you can use this method to track your application and know when you need to schedule an interview or provide additional documents.

How to Check Immigration Status by Phone

While checking your immigration status online is the most efficient method, you can also call the USCIS Contact Center to inquire about your case. The phone number is 1-800-375-5283, and you’ll need your receipt number handy when calling.

However, keep in mind that wait times may vary, and some queries might be resolved faster online. For those who prefer speaking to a representative, the phone option remains available.

Status Adjustment: What Does It Mean?

Status adjustment is the process of changing your immigration status from one type to another without having to leave the U.S. For example, an F1 visa holder (a student visa) may marry a U.S. citizen and apply for a green card, adjusting their status from temporary to permanent resident. This process is often used by those who are on temporary visas but become eligible for permanent residency.

How to Apply for a Status Adjustment:

1. File Form I-485: This is the Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status. It’s used by visa holders in the U.S. who want to apply for a green card.
2. Provide Supporting Documents: You’ll need to provide proof of your eligibility for the status adjustment, such as marriage certificates (if applying through marriage), proof of employment (if applying through an employer), or evidence of asylum claims.
3. Attend an Interview: In many cases, USCIS requires an in-person interview to verify the information provided in your application.
4. Receive a Decision: After USCIS reviews your case, they’ll make a decision. You can track your case online throughout the process.

Example: An F1 visa student who marries a U.S. citizen can apply for a status adjustment to become a green card holder. They may need to provide documents like their marriage certificate and financial support information from their spouse.

Different Methods to Check Your Immigration Status

Immigration Case	How to Check
Green Card Application	Use the USCIS Case Status Online tool or contact the National Visa Center for further information.
Asylum Case	Use your receipt number to check status online or consult with your immigration attorney.
F1/J1 Visa	Check with your school’s designated office or use the SEVIS system.
SIJS Case (Special Immigrant Juvenile Status)	Work with your lawyer or contact USCIS for updates.
Deportation Order	Check with your immigration attorney or contact the ICE organization directly to check your case.

What Happens if You Have a Deportation Order?

A deportation order is issued when the U.S. government decides to remove an individual from the country. If you receive a deportation order, it’s critical to act quickly. Failure to respond or take action could result in removal from the U.S.

Steps to Take:

1. Consult an Immigration Attorney: You should contact an immigration attorney immediately. They can help you file appeals or request stays of removal if possible.
2. Withholding of Removal: In some cases, you may be eligible for withholding of removal if you’ve been in the U.S. for more than 10 years and can demonstrate that deportation would result in severe hardship. This is a complex process and requires legal help.
3. Track Your Deportation Case: You can track your case and check your immigration court date using the EOIR Automated Case Information System. This tool will provide important details about upcoming hearings and decisions.

Can You Get Deported with a Green Card?

Yes, even green card holders can face deportation under certain circumstances. Violations of U.S. laws, criminal activities, or immigration fraud can put green card holders at risk. While green cards grant permanent residency, they don’t guarantee immunity from deportation.

Immigration Status for Asylum Seekers

For asylum seekers, tracking your case status is especially important. The asylum process can take years, and knowing your case will help you understand your rights and plan your future. If you’ve applied for asylum, you can check your case online using the USCIS portal or by contacting the Asylum lawyer handling your case.

Additionally, after 150 days of submitting your asylum application, you may be eligible to apply for a work permit.

SIJS: Special Immigrant Juvenile Status

Special Immigrant Juvenile Status (SIJS) is designed for minors who have been abandoned, abused, or neglected by their parents. This immigration status can lead to a green card but involves complex legal steps. Applicants usually need the assistance of a lawyer to check their case and navigate the legal procedures.

Important Related Information

• What Happens if You Have a Deportation Order?: If you receive a deportation order, consult an immigration attorney immediately. There may be options to appeal the order or apply for relief, such as withholding of removal after 10 years.
• How to Check Your Immigration Court Date: If you’re involved in an immigration case and need to know your court date, visit the EOIR Automated Case Information System.
• Withholding of Removal: This form of relief may prevent deportation after 10 years in the U.S. under specific conditions.
• Can a Naturalized Citizen Be Deported?: While rare, a naturalized citizen can be stripped of their citizenship and deported if they committed fraud during the naturalization process or engaged in certain illegal activities.

Immigration Status FAQs

1. How can I check the status of my green card application?
   You can check the status of your green card application using the USCIS Case Status Online tool. Simply enter your receipt number to view updates.
2. Can I adjust my immigration status?
   Yes, status adjustment is possible. If you are currently in the U.S. on a visa, you may be eligible to adjust your case to permanent residency (green card holder) through marriage, employment, or other qualifying circumstances.
3. What is Form I-862?
   Form I-862 is a Notice to Appear, which initiates removal (deportation) proceedings. It informs the individual of their immigration violations and sets the legal process in motion.
4. How long can ICE hold you before deportation?
   ICE can hold you for up to 90 days while preparing for deportation. However, there may be delays, especially if legal challenges arise, making the process longer.
5. Can a naturalized U.S. citizen be deported?
   Yes, but only under extreme circumstances. A naturalized citizen may be stripped of their citizenship and deported if it was obtained fraudulently or if they committed serious crimes.
6. How can I check my immigration court date?
   You can check your court date using the EOIR Automated Case Information System. It provides details about your hearing dates, times, and locations.
7. Can I check my immigration status without an immigration lawyer?
   Yes, you can check your immigration status using the online USCIS tools or by calling the USCIS Contact Center. However, working with an attorney is advised, especially for complicated cases or if your case is at risk.

By following the steps outlined in this guide, you’ll be better equipped to check your immigration status, understand your legal options, and take necessary actions to maintain or adjust your status in the United States. Always consult an immigration attorney when dealing with complex cases or deportation risks to ensure you receive the best possible guidance.